009A Sample Midterm 1, Problem 3

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Let  

(a) Use the definition of the derivative to compute     for  

(b) Find the equation of the tangent line to    at  


Foundations:  
1. Recall
       
2. The equation of the tangent line to    at the point    is
          where  


Solution:

(a)

Step 1:  
Let  Failed to parse (Conversion error. Server ("https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_") reported: "Cannot get mml. Server problem."): {\displaystyle f(x)={\sqrt {3x-5}}.}
Using the limit definition of the derivative, we have

        Failed to parse (Conversion error. Server ("https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_") reported: "Cannot get mml. Server problem."): {\displaystyle {\begin{array}{rcl}\displaystyle {f'(x)}&=&\displaystyle {\lim _{h\rightarrow 0}{\frac {f(x+h)-f(x)}{h}}}\\&&\\&=&\displaystyle {\lim _{h\rightarrow 0}{\frac {{\sqrt {3(x+h)-5}}-{\sqrt {3x-5}}}{h}}}\\&&\\&=&\displaystyle {\lim _{h\rightarrow 0}{\frac {{\sqrt {3x+3h-5}}-{\sqrt {3x-5}}}{h}}.}\end{array}}}

Step 2:  
Now, we multiply the numerator and denominator by the conjugate of the numerator.
Hence, we have
        Failed to parse (Conversion error. Server ("https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_") reported: "Cannot get mml. Server problem."): {\displaystyle {\begin{array}{rcl}\displaystyle {f'(x)}&=&\displaystyle {\lim _{h\rightarrow 0}{\frac {({\sqrt {3x+3h-5}}-{\sqrt {3x-5}})}{h}}{\frac {({\sqrt {3x+3h-5}}+{\sqrt {3x-5}})}{({\sqrt {3x+3h-5}}+{\sqrt {3x-5}})}}}\\&&\\&=&\displaystyle {\lim _{h\rightarrow 0}{\frac {(3x+3h-5)-(3x-5)}{h({\sqrt {3x+3h-5}}+{\sqrt {3x-5}})}}}\\&&\\&=&\displaystyle {\lim _{h\rightarrow 0}{\frac {3h}{h({\sqrt {3x+3h-5}}+{\sqrt {3x-5}})}}}\\&&\\&=&\displaystyle {\lim _{h\rightarrow 0}{\frac {3}{{\sqrt {3x+3h-5}}+{\sqrt {3x-5}}}}}\\&&\\&=&\displaystyle {\frac {3}{{\sqrt {3x-5}}+{\sqrt {3x-5}}}}\\&&\\&=&\displaystyle {{\frac {3}{2{\sqrt {3x-5}}}}.}\end{array}}}

(b)

Step 1:  
We start by finding the slope of the tangent line to    at  
Using the derivative calculated in part (a), the slope is
        Failed to parse (Conversion error. Server ("https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_") reported: "Cannot get mml. Server problem."): {\displaystyle {\begin{array}{rcl}\displaystyle {m}&=&\displaystyle {f'(2)}\\&&\\&=&\displaystyle {\frac {3}{2{\sqrt {3(2)-5}}}}\\&&\\&=&\displaystyle {{\frac {3}{2}}.}\end{array}}}
Step 2:  
Now, the tangent line to    at  Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle (2,1)}
has slope  Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle m=\frac{3}{2}}   and passes through the point  Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle (2,1).}
Hence, the equation of this line is
        Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle y=\frac{3}{2}(x-2)+1.}


Final Answer:  
    (a)     Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \frac{dy}{dx}=\frac{3}{2\sqrt{3x-5}}}
    (b)     Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle y=\frac{3}{2}(x-2)+1}

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